Psychobiology

The Pleasure Of Pain

Through reinforcement we a built to seek pleasure and avoid pain but this isn’t always the case, in fact, pain is becoming more popular. It is not just during BDSM…

How Kappa Opioid Receptors Drive Anxiety

University of North Carolina School of Medicine researchers have uncovered a cellular mechanism by which kappa opioid receptors (KOR) drive anxiety. These proteins inhibit the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate in a part…